Acute Effects of Dynamic and Static Warm-Up Methods on Soccer Skills and Athletic Performance in 12–14-Year-Old Soccer Players
Keywords:
agility, athletic performance, dynamic warm-up, soccer skills, static warm-up, trainingAbstract
This study aimed to investigate the acute effects of different warm-up protocols, including no additional warm-up, static warm-up (SWU), and dynamic warm-up (DWU), on changes in soccer-specific technical skills and physical performance parameters between pre- and post-tests in male soccer players aged 12–14 years. Twenty male athletes regularly training in the youth academy of the same soccer club voluntarily participated in the study. Using a randomized within-subject crossover design, all participants completed three warm-up conditions (control/no additional warm-up, SWU, and DWU) on separate testing days with a five-day wash-out period between sessions. Soccer-specific technical performance was evaluated using the Yeagley ball juggling, passing, ball control (slalom), and shooting tests. Physical performance assessments included vertical jump (VJ), standing long jump (SLJ), T-agility, and 20-m sprint tests. Data normality was assessed using the Shapiro–Wilk test, and repeated-measures ANOVA was performed for statistical analysis, with the significance level set at p<0.05.
The findings indicated that a statistically significant difference was observed only in the T-agility test results (p<0.05), with the DWU protocol showing superior T-agility performance compared with the SWU condition. No significant differences were detected among the warm-up protocols in the remaining physical performance variables or soccer-specific technical skill tests. This study contributes to the literature by jointly evaluating soccer-specific technical skills and physical performance responses to different warm-up protocols in adolescent soccer players.
In conclusion, DWU might acutely improve agility performance in youth soccer players, but appears to not offer short-term benefits for other performance parameters or technical skills. The results might offer coaches some initial guidance in selecting warm-up strategies.
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